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Preservation of female fertility

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WHAT IS THE PRESERVATION OF FEMALE FERTILITY?

A woman's fertility is limited and the age is a determining factor, as the ideal age to conceive is between 25 to 35 years old and from the age of 35 years, female fertility decreases considerably, both in quality and quantity of eggs. After 45 years, the possibility of an occasional pregnancy becomes very low.

 

Nowadays, it´s trendy that women are choosing to delay their motherhood by themes of personal, social, occupational, or health reasons. It is for this reason that the preservation of fertility becomes an elementary option for the future.

 

If a woman decides to vitrify their eggs or embryos when they are still young, when she decides to have children in the future, she will be able to use them and will have the same chances of pregnancy that had at the time of preservation.

TYPES OF PRESERVATION OF FEMALE FERTILITY

Vitrification of eggs

Vitrification of eggs is a procedure performed in the laboratory to preserve in time the eggs of the patient. For this, there has to be low temperatures, which keep their properties intact until the time of thawing. This procedure is far superior to the ancient processes of freezing, since it avoids the formation of ice crystals, which could damage the cells.

Vitrification of Embryos

The vitrification of embryos is a technique of freezing, in which it is possible to eliminate the formation of ice crystals that could damage them. In this way, the embryos can be cryopreserved with a high survival rate. Embryos that are vitrified are those which are not transferred to the mother having performed an In-Vitro Fertilization. The high survival rates of embryos after your devitrification have allowed to optimize the In-Vitro Fertilization treatments, making them less cycles of stimulation in the woman.

IN WHAT CASES IS INDICATED THE PRESERVATION OF FEMALE FERTILITY?

Vitrification of eggs

  • Women that for any reason want to postpone motherhood
  • Oncological and non-oncological patients that are going to receive gonadotoxic treatments.
  • Women who have received repetitive surgery on the egg, such as the case of endometriosis.
  • Patients in whom we would prefer to make the transfer embryo in a cycle different from that of the stimulation follicular (risk of OHSS, the appearance of polyps, hidrosalpinx or hidrometras, the absence of sperm, etc).
  • In patients with a low response to build up an egg, or to have an enough amount of them if the goal is to make a cycle of PGD.

Vitrification of Embryos

  • When a woman has risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, or when the endometrium has not thickened enough, and are not receptive.
  • When the fresh embryo transfer has been carried out, but there are embryos left over that can be used in future attempts.
  • When the couple or the woman decides to freeze embryos in place of eggs and sperm separately.
  • When you have done a biopsy of embryos to make a genetic diagnosis, pre-implantational (DGP), but you have to wait several days for the results.
  • With an egg donor, if it has not been able to synchronize to the donor with the recipient of eggs, it is possible to vitrify them to use them later.
  • When there is surplus embryos of a cycle and the couple or the woman decides to donate them to other people with infertility problems.

THE PRESERVATION OF FEMALE FERTILITY

Vitrification of eggs

  1. The treatment begins with the menstrual cycle and is when we start the ovarian stimulation of the patient.
  2. We perform the retrieval of the eggs in the surgery room under sedation, so that the patient does not feel any discomfort.
  3. Instead of mating and fertilize the eggs, we perform the vitrification.
  4. The eggs are placed in a few small stands and are immersed in liquid nitrogen at a temperature of -196°C

Vitrification of Embryos

  1. Dehydrate the embryos by passing them from one medium to another with an increasing concentration of cryoprotectants.
  2. Place with a lot of care the embryos on top of the straw of semen for freezing.
  3. Enter the straw with the embryos in a small bucket with liquid nitrogen.
  4. Put the lid or cap to the straw with the caution not to remove the vapors of liquid nitrogen.
  5. Finally, save the straw loaded with the embryos inside a tank of liquid nitrogen for preservation.

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